L’inclusion de l’éducation à la santé dans les programmes canadiens d’éducation physique
Résumé
Au cours des deux dernières décennies, l’actualisation des curricula scolaires a permis de consolider la place occupée par l’éducation à la santé à l’école. L’éducation physique est perçue comme l’une des disciplines scolaires susceptible de contribuer aux actions en éducation à la santé. S’appuyant sur une analyse documentaire de neuf programmes d’éducation physique primaire canadiens, cette étude avait pour objectifs d’identifier et de situer les finalités éducatives et les objets d’enseignement-apprentissage en éducation à la santé insérés dans ces programmes. Quatre grandes finalités éducatives émergent et elles sous-tendent des acceptations variées de la santé. Vingt-huit objets d’enseignement-apprentissage ont été répertoriés et classés à l’intérieur des quatre facteurs clés du développement individuel des jeunes. Leur inclusion dans les programmes analysés est extrêmement divergente, ce qui confère un statut particulier à chacun de ces programmes, soulevant des questions quant au rôle dévolu à l’éducation physique en promotion de la santé.
In the last two decades, the modernization of school curricula has helped strengthen the role of health education in school settings. Physical education is perceived as one subject matter that can help bring about concrete changes in health education. Stemming from the documentary analysis of nine physical education programs taught in Canadian elementary schools, the study’s goals were to describe the program orientations and content directly relatd to health education. The four major educational orientations that emerged reflect varying levels of acceptance of health as an integral part of physical education. Twenty eight elements of content were identified and classified under the four main factors of children’s personal development. Their level of integration in the programs analyzed varies widely. This conveys a special status to each program and raises questions regarding the role that physical education is called upon to play in the promotion of health.
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