Escalade de rocher et santé globale
un regard sur les retombées issues d’un examen de la portée.
Abstract
L’escalade de rocher est utilisée dans les interventions en contexte de nature et d’aventure (INA), mais peu d’études examinent systématiquement les caractéristiques des populations, les retombées et les éléments-clés influents. Cet examen de la portée vise à combler ce vide en analysant quinze articles publiés entre 2013 et 2023. Majoritairement réalisés auprès d’adultes (93 %), ces travaux rapportent des retombées sur la santé physiologique et physique (40 %), psychologique (60 %), sociale (27 %), émotionnelle (13 %) et spirituelle (20 %). Les éléments-clés associés sont l’immersion en nature (40 %), l’engagement dans le défi et la prise de risque (33 %), l’expérience de groupe (13 %) et la présence attentive (13 %). La discussion met en lumière les relations entre ces éléments-clés et les retombées identifiées, permettant d’envisager des pistes d’intégration de l’escalade de rocher dans les INA, tout en tenant compte de ses apports et de ses limites.
Mots-CLÉS: Examen de la portée, escalade de rocher, retombées, éléments-clés, intervention en contexte de nature et d’aventure
Rock climbing is increasingly used in outdoor therapies (OT), yet few studies systematically examine participant characteristics, reported outcomes, and influential key elements. This scoping review aims to address this gap by analyzing fifteen articles published between 2013 and 2023. Most studies were conducted with adults (93 %) and report outcomes related to physiological and physical health (40 %), psychological well-being (60 %), social health (27 %), emotional health (13 %), and spiritual connection (20 %). Key elements associated with these outcomes include immersion in nature (40 %), engagement in challenge and risk-taking (33 %), group experience (13 %), and mindful presence (13 %). The discussion highlights relationships between these elements and the reported outcomes, offering insights into the integration of rock climbing in OT while considering its potential benefits and limitations.
Keywords: Scoping review, rock climbing, outcomes, key features, outdoor therapies.
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